Report on computer protocols and the Internet
The protocols are a set of procedures that are used in dealing with the computer and must be followed in particular when connecting a number of computers. Together, here we can say that the protocol is a standard system that facilitates the transfer of information, communication between various types of devices, and there are many types of protocol spread globally and that vary in their uses.
TCP / IP protocol
A protocol known as the communications protocol, which helps to connect the computer to the Internet, is a shortcut to the phrase Transmission control protocol, which means the specialized protocol in the control of data transfer.
It is a standard system that determines how electronic devices, including computers, are connected to the Internet, and how to transfer information from the Internet to devices.
In a simplified way, this type of protocol is directly responsible for the transmission of information either through transmission or reception through the Internet, in the correct manner. This is done by dividing the data into two parts: TCP and the other IP.
Application Layer Protocol
The software layer is the highest level in the group known as TCP / IP. This layer contains all the applications on it and the programs that help the user to access the Internet. This layer is the primary function of exchanging information that belongs to the user and is divided into Into two.
The first is the HTTP protocol, known as HTTP, which is a shortcut to the HyperText Transfer Protocol. This type is used to transfer information and files from the user's Internet pages.
FTP, known as FTP, is a shortcut to the File Transfer Protocol, which helps the user to transfer files to the network.
Transport Layer Protocol
The function of this layer is to control the communication of many devices together, known as the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), and this protocol controls the transmission of data and information between connected computers and is known as another connection is based.
One of the most important tasks of this type of protocol is that it ensures the user access the data in the same order and form as it did, and if he can not send this data he will keep a copy to be sent again.
This type includes another type of protocol known as UDP, which is the abbreviation of the User Datagram Protocol. This type is responsible for unauthenticated communication, that is, it is not possible to create a session between connected computers, Reversed the previous protocol but has other uses.
It is best to use it if you send group data in general or transfer documents such as videos or audio clips, because this type may not be as accurate as before, but it is faster.
Internet layer protocol
This layer is responsible for the packaging and forwarding of data units and is divided into 4 sections.
- Internet Protocol
It is one of the most important types of protocols, through which each computer is given a number of its own on the network, known as IP Address, it helps to redirect data and gives the user the possibility of roaming on the Internet and is responsible for some other work.
- Address translation protocol
This type is responsible for reading IP addresses and keeps them in mind.
- Network interface layer
It is responsible for connecting devices to the Internet either through data, network cards or connections.
- Internet Message Control Protocol
This type of protocol is concerned with controlling and browsing user data while browsing the Internet.